Light:
v Is the form of energy that enters our eyes
v Enables us to see things
v Can either be directly obtained from a luminous source or reflected off a non-luminous source into our eyes
v A luminous source is an object that emits its own light such as the Sun
Reflection:
v Incident ray
Ø Ray of light that strikes the surface
v Reflected ray
Ø Ray of light that is reflected off a surface
v Normal
Ø Imaginary line that is perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence
v Angle of incidence
Ø Angle between the incident ray and the normal
v Angle of reflection
Ø Angle between the reflected ray and the normal
Diffused reflection and specular reflection:
v Diffused reflection
Ø Reflected in all different directions
Ø Produces a distorted image
v Specular reflection
Ø Reflected in the same direction
Ø Produced a clear image
Image characteristics of mirror:
v Image is formed in mirror as
Ø Light rays reflect off you
Ø Strikes the mirror
Ø Goes back into your eyes
v Image formed in plane mirror
Ø Has the same size as the object,
Ø Is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror,
Ø Has the same orientation as the object (i.e. upright if the object is upright),
Ø Is laterally inverted,
Ø Is virtual.
v Virtual image cannot be captured on a screen because no actual light rays meet at the image position.
v Plane mirrors
Ø Object position: anywhere
Ø Image position: as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it
Ø Image type: virtual
Ø Image orientation: same as object
Ø Image size: same as object
v Concave mirrors
Ø Near mirror (inside F)
§ Image position: on the opposite side of the mirror as the object
§ Image type: virtual
§ Image orientation: same as object
§ Image size: larger than object (magnified)
Ø Exactly at F
§ Image position: at infinity
§ Image type: -
§ Image orientation: -
§ Image size: -
Ø Object distance less than image distance (outside F)
§ Image position: on the same side of the mirror as the object
§ Image type: real
§ Image orientation: opposite of object
§ Image size: larger than object
Ø Object distance is equal to image distance (outside F)
§ Image position: on the same side of the mirror as the object
§ Image type: real
§ Image orientation: opposite of object
§ Image size: same as object
Ø Object distance greater than image distance (outside F)
§ Image position: on the same side of the mirror as the object
§ Image type: real
§ Image orientation: opposite of object
§ Image size: smaller than object
v Convex mirrors
Ø Object position: anywhere
Ø Image position: on the opposite side of the mirror as the object
Ø Image type: virtual
Ø Image orientation: same as object
Ø Image size: smaller than object
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